This comprehensive guide covers everything from data collection methods to leveraging first-party data for business success. Discover how Segment's products and services can help you achieve your goals.
First-party data is collected directly from users when they interact with your business (e.g., on your website, app, or other owned channels). It’s an essential asset for companies to understand their audience, personalize experiences, and make better business decisions. And it can be collected in a variety of ways, as we outline below.
Every interaction a person has with your brand presents an opportunity to learn more about their behavior and interests. Everything from their propensity to buy to their predicted lifetime value can be gleaned from first-party data.
Common opportunities for collecting first-party data include:
Website behavior (e.g., browsing your website, feature use, searches, transactional data)
Open, click, and engagement rates from email campaigns
SMS and text message open and response rates
Offline survey and feedback forms
Point-of-sale customer interactions, such as signups for loyalty clubs or demographic data
Mobile app engagement, including downloads, opens, time spent in-app, and purchase history
Often, marketing teams are working with various different tools that provide analytics on things like email open rates (e.g., SendGrid) or page views (e.g., Google Analytics). But these data points can easily be trapped in the tools that log them, creating silos. It’s essential that businesses consolidate their first-party data for a complete view of the customer journey.
Other ways first-party data can be collected include real-time event streaming, JavaScript, APIs, SDKs, and even surveys or polls (which in more recent times may be referred to as zero-party data).
Commonly used tools for data collection include:
Advertising: Facebook Ads, Google Adwords, LinkedIn Ads, etc.
Analytics: Google Analytics 4, Mixpanel, etc.
Email Marketing: SendGrid, Marketo, etc.
Surveys: Jebbit, Qualtrics, etc.
And more!
With Segment Connections, you can easily integrate all these tools into your tech stack, to consolidate data in a central repository, and then send data to downstream destinations for activation or analysis.
There are a few best practices to follow when collecting customer data: only collect what you need, always have user consent, and make sure there are proper protections in place to keep data secure and compliant.
There are both legal and ethical considerations to take when collecting customer data, like obtaining user consent.
Consent management is the process of informing users how your business will collect and use their data, providing the opportunity for anyone to accept or decline. Many regulations now require users to opt in to being tracked or having their data collected, whereas in the past it was an opt out setup. (Apple’s App Tracking Transparency is an example of this trend.)
At Segment, we also recommend only collecting data that is necessary for your business to stay compliant and maintain user trust.
Organizations need to have internal alignment about what data they plan to track, the reason for collecting this data, and where they’re tracking it. In other words, they need to have a well-defined data tracking plan.
These tracking plans are essential for having complete clarity on everything from naming conventions to how you’re maintaining compliance.
What you plan to track will vary depending on your business. At Segment, we recommend thinking of how different events will tie into key performance metrics (KPIs) to help drill down to what should be tracked. A simple example of this can be tracking churn rates as a way to understand what’s driving or hindering customer retention.
At Segment, we also offer several tracking specs to help get teams started, for industries like B2B SaaS, e-commerce, and more.
Organizations have to ensure that they’re properly protecting customer data – not only to avoid legal hot water, but to maintain trust in their organization. There are several ways to protect first-party data, ranging from:
Encrypting data at rest and in transit
Implementing role-based access controls
Single Sign-On (SSO) and Multi-Factor Authentication
There are almost unlimited ways to put your first-party data to work in your organization. Before using it to make informed business decisions, consider your priorities.
Collecting customer data is the first step. Attributing data points to each individual is another matter entirely – and it can quickly get complex. How do you track users as they switch between devices and channels? How do you stitch together anonymous user behavior with a known profile, once that person enters your database?
Identity-resolved customer profiles are at the heart of personalized marketing. But building these profiles can sometimes take years due to their complexity. With Segment, businesses can leverage deterministic identity resolution to merge complete customer histories into a single profile. This profile can then be synced with the data warehouse for further enrichment, and activated in any downstream destination.
It’s not enough to use someone’s first name to create a personalized experience. Customers are looking for experiences that feel intuitive and seamless, and one of the largest challenges that businesses face is meeting these expectations at scale and in real time.
Examples of this can range from recommending the relevant products for a cross-sell, or a customer support representative having the context of a customer’s previous conversation with chatbot to discern their issue at a faster rate.
Using real-time customer data, businesses can even orchestrate multi-step, multichannel experiences that adapt based on a person’s behavior in the moment. For example, with Journeys, a marketer can first segment their audience based on people with the lowest engagement rates (e.g., people who haven’t made a purchase in over a year). From there, they can send a re-engagement campaign via email. If a user doesn’t interact with the email, they can then be included in ads on social media channels.
Segment is a single platform that can be used to collect, clean, consolidate, and activate first-party data. It offers over 400 pre-built integrations with different platforms and tools, along with the ability to create custom Sources and Destinations.
Segment also comes with features to protect the quality and compliance of data, like:
Automating data governance by enforcing a single tracking plan, standardizing naming conventions, and blocking bad data at the source.
A Privacy Portal that can automatically detect and classify personally identifiable information, and honor user suppression or deletion requests at scale.
The ability to orchestrate multi-channel, personalized customer experiences that adapt based on real-time data.
AI and machine learning models that allow you to predict the likelihood of a user performing a certain action.
Fitness leader CrossFit had a challenge in how it unified and utilized its data across three business segments: Affiliates, Sport, and Education. With data coming in from different places and each audience segment having vastly different customer journeys, the company needed to streamline and get a better view of how to market.
Enter the company’s partnership with Segment, which moved CrossFit away from data silos, incomplete customer profiles, and unnecessary duplications. It replaced the company’s home-grown code with a streamlined ETL functionality. Instead of disjointed marketing campaigns, CrossFit could create personalized messaging for any and all customers, regardless of how they engaged.
Segment collected data from within CrossFit’s learning app and the CrossFit Open to get even more insights about their customers that could be used for promotions, custom experiences, and targeted emails.
The result? A 30% efficiency of Engineering resources, 24% more CrossFit Open registration click rates, and up to 15 hours saved from marketing email automation.
As privacy expectations rise and third-party data continues to decline, first-party data collection is no longer just an advantage—it’s a necessity. By leveraging a CDP like Twilio Segment, businesses can unify, activate, and trust their data while ensuring compliance with evolving regulations. Investing in first-party data strategies today sets the foundation for long-term customer relationships, better personalization, and sustainable growth. Now is the time to take control of your data and future-proof your business.
Our annual look at how attitudes, preferences, and experiences with personalization have evolved over the past year.
First-party data is collected directly from your customers when they interact on your website, app, or other owned channels. Second-party data is the trusted first-party data of another site or business, made available to a second party through a use agreement (e.g., sharing leads from a joint webinar). Third-party data is collected by an unrelated third-party entity and may have been aggregated, sold, or shared many times before it gets to the final user.
Businesses can collect first-party data by leveraging real-time event streaming, APIs, website analytics, mobile app interactions, surveys, and more
Segment is able to collect and consolidate data from across an organization’s tech stack, and ensure that data is clean and compliant. It’s also able to create unified customer profiles that update in real-time, for a 360-degree view of customer behavior, which can then inform highly personalized campaigns.